"Green" cities in Siberia: concepts and methods of economic analysis
https://doi.org/10.32324/2412-8945-2022-2-44-58
Abstract
The aim of this article is to represent in the systematic manner the conceptual approaches and methods of economic analysis for practice of realizing the idea of green cities in Siberia with purpose for solving problems concerning decarbonisation of Russian economy. Critical review of actual tendencies provides five conceptual approaches - low-carbon development, carbon neutrality, “net zero”, deep decapbonisation and ‘zero’ carbon development. In correspondence with these concepts there are elaborated new modes of spatial development - green cites, eco-villages, sustainable agglomerations, etc. Project analysis appears to be in demand for proper economic evaluation of ecological consequences for development of such areas, e.g. eco-village in Olkhon island and “green” city Baykalsk in Siberia.
About the Authors
N. V. Gorbacheva
Institute of Economics and Industrial Engineering of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Siberian Institute of Management — branch of Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Natalia V. Gorbacheva — Candidate of Economic Sciences, Senior Research Fellow; Associate Professor, Department of Economics and Investments
Novosibirsk
T. S. Novikova
Institute of Economics and Industrial Engineering of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Novosibirsk State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Tatyana S. Novikova — Doctor of Economics, Leading Researcher; Professor
Novosibirsk
I. A. Ogorodnikov
Institute of Thermal Physics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Igor A. Ogorodnikov — Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Senior Researcher
Novosibirsk
References
1. United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 Revision, Highlights (ST/ESA/SER.A/352), 2014, pp. 7. 1. Obzor sostojanija i zagrjaznenija okruzhajushhej sredy v Rossijskoj Federacii za 2020 god [Review of the state and pollution of the environment in the Russian Federation for 2020]. Available at: http://www.meteorf.ru/upload/iblock/d94/Obzor_2020_070721.pdf (accessed: 12.02.2022)
2. Meadows D.H., Meadows D.L., et al. The Limits to Growth, 1972. Available at: http://www.donellameadows.org/wpcontent/userfiles/Limits-to-Growth-digital-scan-version.pdf (accessed: 12.02.2022)
3. Mesarovic M., Pestel E. Mankind at the Turning Point. New York: E.P. Dutton & Co, 1974, 210 p.
4. Goldsmith E., Allen R. A Blueprint for Survival. Harmondsworth: Penguin Press, 1972, 137 p.
5. Pörtner H.-O., Roberts D.C., Tignor M., Poloczanska E.S., Mintenbeck K., Alegría A., Craig M., Langsdorf S., Löschke S., Möller V., Okem A., Rama B. et. al. eds. IPCC, 2022: Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press. Available at: https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg2/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGII_FinalDraft_FullReport.pdf
6. The Economist, 2021, Feb. 27. Available at: https://www.economist.com/search?q=2021+Feb.27
7. Gorbacheva N.V. Tradicionnaja i vozobnovljaemaja jelektrojenergetika v uslovijah novoj industrializacii: dostatochnost' i dostupnost' [Traditional and renewable electric power industry in the context of new industrialization: sufficiency and accessibility ], Jenergija: jekonomika, tehnika, jekologija [Energy: economics, technology, ecology], 2020, no. 4, pp. 23—29. DOI: 10.7868/S0233361920040059.
8. Porfir'ev B.N. Jekonomicheskoe izmerenie klimaticheskogo vyzova ustojchivomu razvitiju Rossii [Economic dimension of the climate challenge to the sustainable development of Russia], Vestnik Rossijskoj akademii nauk [Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences], 2019, vol. 89, no. 4, pp. 400—407.
9. Bobylev S.N. Ustojchivoe razvitie: paradigma dlja budushhego [Sustainable development: a paradigm for the future], Mirovaja jekonomika i mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija [World economy and international relations], 2017, vol. 61, no. 3, pp. 107—113.
10. Ross K., Seddon J. Curbing climate change and preventing deaths from air pollution go hand-in-hand // World Resources Institute, Oct., 29, 2018. Available at: https://www.wri.org/print/64389 (accessed: 12.02.2022)
11. Lancet Commission4 on Health and Climate Change. October 19, 2017. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32345-0 (accessed: 12.02.2022)
12. Revich B.A., Shaposhnikov D.A. Osobennosti vozdejstvija voln holoda i zhary na smertnost' v gorodah s rezkokontinental'nym klimatom [Features of the impact of cold and heat waves on mortality in cities with a sharply continental climate], Sibirskoe medicinskoe obozrenie [Siberian Medical Review], 2017, no. 2 (104), pp. 84—90.
13. Oreskes N., Conway E. Merchants of Doubt: How a Handful of Scientists Obscured the Truth on Issues from Tobacco Smoke to Global Warning. New York: Bloomsburry Press, 2010, pp. 355.
14. Net Zero Carbon Buildings Declaration. Available at: https://www.c40.org/declarations/net-zero-carbon-buildingsdeclaration/
15. Lisicyna N.A. Kak provesti obshhestvennuju jekologicheskuju jekspertizu?[ How to conduct a public environmental review?] Metodicheskoe posobie dlja obshhestvennyh obedinenij v sfere ohrany okruzhajushhej sredy po organizacii i provedeniju obshhestvennoj jekologicheskoj jekspertizy. Juzhno-Sahalinsk, Moscow: Vsemirnyj fond dikoj prirody (WWF), 2020, 78 p.
16. Metodicheskoe posobie po jekologicheskoj ocenke investicionnyh proektov [Methodological guide for environmental assessment of investment projects]. Moscow: CPRP, 2000, 123 p.
17. Gorbacheva N.V., Novikova T.S., Ogorodnikov I.A. Proekt jekologicheskogo malojetazhnogo zhilishhnogo stroitel'stva «Jekodom — sputnik Akademgorodka»: analiz opyta i perspektiv [The project of ecological low-rise housing construction "Ecohouse - a satellite of Akademgorodok": analysis of experience and prospects], Kreativnaja jekonomika [Creative Economy], 2009, no. 9 (33), pp. 128—133.
18. Florio M.A. Guide to Cost-Benefit Analysis of Investment Projects: Economic appraisal tool for Cohesion Police 2014—2020. Luxemburg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2015, 364 p.
19. Guidelines for the Economic Analysis of Projects. Mandaluyong City, Philippines: Asian Development Bank, 2017, 170 p.
20. Tsyplakova D.A. External effects as an objective premise of knowledge-based economics formation. Economical Sciences, 2010, 70, 45—8.
21. Stiglitz J.E., Fitoussi J., Durand M. Measuring What Counts: The Global Movement for Well-Being. The New Press, 2015, 143 p.
22. Rukovodstvo po investoram v pomoshh' specialistam v rabote po podgotovke investicionnyh proektov v oblasti okruzhajushhej sredy, izmenenija klimata i vodnyh resursov v Central'noj Azii [Investor's Guide to assist professionals in the preparation of investment projects in the field of environment, climate change and water resources in Central Asia]. Stantec, 2021, 85 p. Available at: https://wecoop.eu/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Investor-guide-RU_2021.pdf (accessed: 12.03.2022).
23. The World Bank: Environmental and Social Framework. Washington: International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, The World Bank, 2017, p. 121.
24. Economic Appraisal: Vademecum 2021—2027. General Principles and Sector Applications. EC, 2021, 98 p.
25. Tagaeva T.O., Kazanceva L.K. “Zelenye investicii” kak strategija social'no-jekonomicheskogo razvitija ["Green investments" as a strategy for socio-economic development"], Rossija: tendencii i perspektivy razvitija: ezhegodnik [Russia: trends and development prospects]. Iss. 12. Moscow: INION RAN, 2017, pp. 269—272.
26. Eremko Z.S., Bal'zhanova T.M., Bardahanova T.B. Jekologicheski orientirovannyj investicionnyj proekt: sushhnost' i klassifikacija [Ecologically oriented investment project: essence and classification], Vestnik BGU. Jekonomika i menedzhment [Vestnik BSU. Economics and management], 2018, no. 4, pp. 56—63.
27. Vostrikova E.O., Meshkova A.P. ESG-kriterii v investirovanii: zarubezhnyj i otechestvennyj opyt [ESG-criteria in investing: foreign and domestic experience], Finansovyj zhurnal [Financial magazine], 2020, vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 117—129.
28. Novikova T.S. Investments in research infrastructure on the project level: Problems, methods and mechanisms. Evaluation and Program Planning, 2022, vol. 91, p. 102018. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2021.102018
29. Novikova T.S., Cyplakov A.A. Razrabotka social'noj politiki na osnove sochetanija agent-orientirovannogo i mezhotraslevogo podhodov [Development of social policy based on a combination of agent-based and cross-industry approaches], Zhurnal Novoj jekonomicheskoj associacii [Journal of the New Economic Association], 2021, no. 4 (52), pp. 12—36.
30. Novikova T. Territorial inequality: an agent-based approach in modelling of social policy. E3S Web of Conferences, 2021, vol. 301, p. 03001.
31. United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and UN Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC). Available at: https://www.unep.org/resources/ecosystem-restoration-people-nature-climate
32. Ogorodnikov I.A., Makarova O.N., Dubynina E.S. Jekodom v Sibiri [Eco-house in Siberia]. Novosibirsk: ISARSibir', 2001, 86 p.
33. Ogorodnikov I.A. Esli stroit', to jekodom [If you build, then eco-house], JeKO [ECO], 1992, no. 9, pp. 35—40.
34. Hallam A., Wignall P.B. Mass Extinctions and Their Aftermath. — New York: Oxford University Press, 1997, 324 p.
35. Rossijskij statisticheskij ezhegodnik. 2021 [Russian Statistical Yearbook. 2021]: Stat.sb. / Rosstat. Moscow, 2021, 692 p.
36. Potreblenie osnovnyh produktov pitanija nase-leniem Rossijskoj Federacii [Consumption of basic foodstuffs by the population of the Russian Federation], Feder. sluzhba gos. statistiki [Federal State Service. statistics]: ofic. sajt. Available at: https://rosstat.gov.ru/compendium/document/13278?print=1
37. Ogorodnikov I.A. Massovoe stroitel'stvo jekologicheskogo zhil'ja — odin iz mehanizmov ustojchivogo razvitija naselennyh punktov [Mass construction of ecological housing is one of the mechanisms for the sustainable development of settlements], III Vserossijskaja nauchnaja konferencija s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem «Jenergo- i resursojeffektivnost' malojetazhnyh zhilyh zdanij», 21—23 marta 2017 goda [III All-Russian scientific conference with international participation "Energy and resource efficiency of low-rise residential buildings", March 21-23, 2017], Novosibirsk, Institut teplofiziki SO RAN, 2017, pp. 441—448. Available at: http://www.itp.nsc.ru/conferences/mzhz_2017_
38. Borodulin V.Yu., Nizovtsev M.I., Ogorodnikov I.A. Energy analysis of the heat balance of an energy efficient home on Lake Baikal. III International Scientific Conference “Sustainable and Efficient Use of Energy, Water and Natural Resources”, Saint-Petersburg, April 19—24, 2021, 369 p.
39. Ogorodnikov I.A., Ogorodnikova V.I., Stepnov A.A. Vozrozhdenie planety zemlja lesom [Revival of the planet earth by the forest], 2015. Available at: http://www.itp.nsc.ru/conferences/mzhz_2015/files/S07_Ogorodnikov.pdf
40. Nasyrov A.N. O perehode na prirodozashhitnoe zemledelie [On the transition to nature-protective agriculture], 2017. Available at: http://www.itp.nsc.ru/conferences/mzhz_2017/files/S5_Nasirov.pdf
41. Shapiro V.A. Promyshlennye tehnologii HBO dlja osvoenija zemel' s jekstremal'nym klimatom [Industrial technologies of CBW for the development of lands with extreme climate], 2015. Available at: http://www.itp.nsc.ru/conferences/mzhz_2015/files/S07_Shapiro.pdf15
42. Chumakov A.N. Prosveshhenie v oblasti jekologizacii sel'skogo hozjajstva — odin iz putej k dostizheniju jekologicheskoj, prodovol'stvennoj i klimaticheskoj bezopasnosti [Education in the field of greening agriculture is one of the ways to achieve environmental, food and climate security], 2015. Available at: http://www.itp.nsc.ru/conferences/mzhz/files/S09_Chumakov.pdf
Review
For citations:
Gorbacheva N.V., Novikova T.S., Ogorodnikov I.A. "Green" cities in Siberia: concepts and methods of economic analysis. Territory Development. 2022;(2 (28)):44-58. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.32324/2412-8945-2022-2-44-58
Views:
342
Email this article 