Modeling of the transformation of rural settlement system in the region

Abstract

In the Russian Federation, there is a long process of out-migration from rural areas due to economic, social, engineering, and infrastructural disadvantages. The intensity of migration processes, the sex and age structure of the population are different between the individual settlements and rural areas, due to which the imbalance of social infrastructure capacity and the number of population is growing. The article aims to study the structure and trends of rural settlement on the example of the Republic of Buryatia, and to reveal the regularities of its structural and spatial transformation. The research methods used are statistical summary and grouping, extrapolation, classification, cartographic and graphical methods, calculation of settlement indicators. The information basis of the study was the data of the All-Russian Population Census of 2002, 2010, statistical data for 2020. The study has resulted in the following conclusions: the rural space of the Republic of Buryatia is characterized by extremely low engineering provision; there is an accelerated degradation of small settlements, while maintaining the framework of settlement, including administrative centers of municipal districts and large settlements.