Search for a Path to Gradual Democratization: Economic and Political Transformation of Vietnam under the Leadership of the Communist Party of Vietnam

This article examines the role of the Communist Party of Vietnam in the gradual process of democratization of modern Vietnam. Despite the single-party system, Vietnam has witnessed several reforms that have created a complex trajectory of transition towards a democratic orientation. Focusing on the period after the political reforms of 1986, the author examines in the article how socio-economic liberalization has coexisted with the political control of the Communist Party of Vietnam. Combining historical analysis with a review of recent political reforms, this study clarifies the Communist Party of Vietnam’s approach to governance, legislative changes, electoral reforms, and civil liberties. In addition, the article presents the results of the influence of international relations on Vietnam’s political metamorphosis; emphasizes the Communist Party of Vietnam’s strategic participation in democratization processes while maintaining its leading role and legitimacy, and demonstrates the dynamics between progressive reforms and the preservation of party dominance. This indicates that the Communist Party of Vietnam’s strategy represents a special path to democratization, characterized by gradual changes and cautious openness.

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